2018中考英语知识点:常见错误示例--介词

来源:初中升学网    浏览次数:    发布日期:2018-02-13 19:29:49

  新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始,初中升学网为各位初三考生整理了各学科的复习攻略,主要包括中考必考点、中考常考知识点、各科复习方法、考试答题技巧等内容,帮助各位考生梳理知识脉络,理清做题思路,希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩!下面是《2018中考英语知识点:常见错误示例--介词》,仅供参考!

  常见错误示例--介词  [误] We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak.  [正] We got to the top of the mountain at day break.  [析] at用于具体时刻之前,如:sunrise, midday, noon, sunset, midnight, night.  [误] Don’t sleep at daytime  [正] Don’t sleep in daytime.  [析] in 要用于较长的一段时间之内,如:in the morning / afternoon, 或 in the week / month / year. 或 in spring / supper /autumn / winter等等。  [误] We visited the old man in Sunday afternoon.  [正] We visited the old man on Sunday afternoon.  [析] in the morning, in the afternoon 如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为on, 如:on a cold morning, on the morning of July 14th  [误] He became a writter at his twenties  [正] He became a writter in his twenties  [析]这句话应译为:他在20多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词in来表示,而在具体岁数时用at来表示。  [误] He went to New York to find a job in sixteen years old.  [正] He went to New York to find a job at sixteen.  [析] 在具体年岁前用at, 如:at the age of 12, at your age,等等。  [误] We went to swim in the river in a very hot day.  [正] We went to swim in the river on a very hot day.  [析] 具体某一天要用介词on, 又如:on New Year‘s Day  [误] I’m looking forward to seeing you on Christmas.  [正] I’m looking for ward to seeing you at Christmas.  [析]在节日的当天用on,而全部节日期间用at,Christmas是圣诞节期间,一般要有两周或更长的时间。  [误] I haven’t see you during the summer holidays.  [正] I haven’t seen you since the beginning of the summer holidays.  [析] during表示在某一段时间之内,所以一般不与完成时搭配,如:I visited a lot of museums during the holiday. 而for表示一段时间,可以用于完成时,如:I haven‘t see you for a long time. 而through 用来表示时间时则为“整整,全部的时间”。如:It rained through the night.而since则是表达主句动作的起始时间,一般要与完成时连用。  [误] At entering the classroom, I heard the good news.  [正] On entering the classroom, I heard the good news.  [析] On 加动名词表示“一……就”。本句的译文应是:我一进入教室就听见这个好消息了。又如:on hearing… 一听见, on arrival 一到达就……(on表示动作的名词)  [误] In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.  [正] At the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.  [析] at the begining与at the end都是指某事物的开始与结束部分,均不指时间范围,而in the beginning 则是指开始一段时间。in the end=at last是指“最终,终于”之意。  [误] Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work.  [正] By the end of next week. I will have finished this work.  [析] by 引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点,其意思为“不迟于某一时刻将工作做完”,所以主句一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态,如:I‘ll be there by five o’clock.而till则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻,但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词,而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式,如:I won‘t finish this work till(until) next weekend.  [误] He came to London before last weekend.  [正] He had come to London before last weekend.  [正] He came to London two weeks ago.  [析] before 一般要与完成时连用,而ago则与一般过去时连用。  [误] I have studied English for three years gince I had come here.  [正] I have studied English for three years since I came here.  [析] since用来表达主句动作的开始时间,所以其引出的从句中应为过去时,而不能用完成时态  [误] I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours.  [正] I can help you repair this bike. You will get it in two hours.  [析]中文经常讲两小时之后来取,两天内会修好,而这个介词在英文中要用in而不要用after.其原因有二,①after 多用于过去时,如:I arrived in New York. After three days, I found a job in the bank. ② after 加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围,如:after three days, 即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在许诺若干时间内会完成某事时,一定要用介词in.  [误] Three days after he died.  [正] After three days he died.  [正] Three days later he died.  [析] after 与 later都可以用来表达一段时间之后,但它们所处的位置不同,after 在时间词前,而later在时间词后。  [误] She hid herself after the tree.  [正] She hid herself behind the tree.  [析] after多用来表达某动作之后,所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词,如:I run after him. After finishing my homework, I went to see a film. 而behind则多用于静态事物之后。  [误] There is a beautiful bird on the tree.  [正] There is a beautiful bird in the tree.  [析] 树上长出的果实,树叶要用on, 而其他外来的人、物体均要用in the tree.  [误] Shanghai is on the east of China.  [正] Shanghai is in the east of China.  [析] 在表达地理位置时有3个介词:in, on, to. in表示在某范围之内; on表示与某地区接壤;to则表示不相接。如:Japan is to the east of China.  [误] I arrived at New York on July 2nd.  [正] I arrived in New York on July 2nd.  [析] at用来表达较小的地方,而in用来表达较大的地方。at常用于at the school gate, at home, at a bus stop, at the station, at the cinema, at a small village.  [误] He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road.  [正] He lived at No. 3 Beijing Road.  [析] 在门牌号码前要用at, 并要注意它的惯用法:at the end of the street, at the foot of the mountain, at the top of the page.  [误] There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall.  [正] There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.  [析] 在屋内的角落应用in,而墙的外角用at,如:There is a tree at the corner of the street.  [误] This weekend I’ll stay in Uncle Wang’s.  [正] This weekend I’ll stay at Uncle Wang’s.  [析] 要注意英文的特殊表达法,如:at a tailor’s shop (裁缝店)=at a tailor’s, at the doctor’s (去看病) at the bookseller’s (在书店) at uncle Wang’s (在王叔叔家)  [误] Do you know there is some good news on today’s newspaper?  [正] Do you know there is some good news in today’s newspaper?  [析] 在报纸上的新闻要用in, 而在具体某一版上,或某一页上则要用on.  [误] The school will begin on September 1st.  [正] School will begin on September 1st.  [析]这里的school应看作不可数名词泛指学校的课程,即开学之意。要注意,有些活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词,如:at table (吃饭), When I came to Tom’s home, they were at table. 还有: at desk (学习),at work (工作) at school (上学), in hospital (住医院) at church 作礼拜如加上定冠词则另有他意,如:at the school 即在学校工作或办事,in the hospital 即在医院工作或去看望病人。
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文章标题:2018中考英语知识点:常见错误示例--介词
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